PROCESS OF MANPOWER
Manpower planning is the process of estimating the optimum number of people required for completing a project, task or a goal within time. Manpower planning includes parameters like number of personnel, different types of skills, time period, demand and supply trends, organisational strategy etc.
The definition of manpower is the strength or force of a human, or the combined strength of a group of people. An example of manpower is the muscle power of five men on a work crew. The total number of all available workers; the workforce.
Importance of Manpower
Manpower is one of the most critical assets in an organisation. Without appropriate manpower, the work cannot happen. Imagine a factory with no manpower. The raw materials, inventory, finished goods, nothing will move in the value chain. All these mission critical operations require skilled manpower.
If in an organisation, the number of people available are more than the work it indicates that the organisation has surplus workforce. In this type of organisation, some people will remain without work. This would be an additional cost to the organisation, but sometimes organisations keep some extra employees with them just to use them when unexpected need arises. The manpower surplus maintained will be different in different industries.
Strategic Manpower planning
Manpower needs of the Armed forces the world over are different and generally more complex and taxing than the corporate world. The requirement of the Armed forces to knowingly and willfully commit soldiers to a certain fatality necessitates a deep understanding and knowledge of human capital management. Manpower is the most important constituent of ‘force structure’ the other being military hardware. An ideal force structure should be so designed that it can support the prevalent doctrine with state of art technology in pursuit of the military objective derived from the existing conflict environment. Although in contemporary military thought one does not doubt the primacy of the human element however over the years in strategic planning, manpower aspect has been relegated to the rear echelon and has disassociated from the overall strategic calculation.
Importance of Manpower Planning
1. Key to managerial functions
The four managerial functions, i.e., planning, organising, directing and controlling are based upon the manpower. Human resources help in the implementation of all these managerial activities. Therefore, staffing becomes a key to all managerial functions.
2. Efficient utilization
Efficient management of personnels becomes an important function in the industrialization world of today. Setting up large scale enterprises requires management of large scale manpower. It can be effectively done through staffing functions.
3. Motivation
Staffing function not only includes putting right men on right job, but it also comprises of motivational programmes, i.e., incentive plans to be framed for further participation and employment of employees in a concern. Therefore, all types of incentive plans become an integral part of the staffing function.
4. Better human relations
A concern can stabilise itself if human relations develop and are strong. Human relations become strong through effective control, clear communication, effective supervision and leadership in a concern. Staffing function also looks after training and development of the work force which leads to co-operation and better human relations.
5. Higher productivity
Productivity level increases when resources are utilised in the best possible manner. higher productivity is a result of minimum wastage of time, money, efforts and energies. This is possible through the staffing and it's related activities (Performance appraisal, training and development, remuneration).
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