FUNCTIONS OF STATE
DEFINITION:
According to Bentham, The aim of the state is to provide “The greatest good of the greatest number.”
FUNCTIONS OF STATE:
Individualistic theory
Socialistic theory.
INDIVIDUALISTIC THEORY:
The individualistic theory of the state is as called as the state of itself. This theory may be traced back to the earliest political philosophy of sophism of the ancient Greek John Large, an English political philosopher of the century who was an ardent advocate of individualism. Individualism got into prominence in the 18th and 19th century. It was partly due to the ardent influence of the industrial revolution, which supported the idea of free combination and non-interference of the state in the economic system in the 18th century. I.T.S mill was a strong advocate of individual freedom. He would love himself over his own body and mind the individual gets sovereign. The statement of theory says Loss izfar theory. The term loss izfar in the French language ‘Let alone’ according to the theory that the state should live alone with the individuals and should not interfere in the other part of the individual activist. It emphasises individual happiness and prosperity. It assumes that an individual is the centre of activism in any social system.
Individualistic theory considers the state as necessary evil. It is evil because it encourages the freedom of individuals. As it is an evil it is a letter to have as faras. But at the same time the state is regarded as necessary because of selfishness and egoism. It is necessary in order to stop the anti-social activism of individuals in society. But it should not be all powerful.
The individual theory advocates maximum freedom of individual and minimum function state; it supports the idea that the state is the best which governs the party. There are two categories of function.
The first category of the function is the duct of stat to protect life, liberty and property of individuals protects individuals from physical injuries and personal harm. It should also protect individuals against false contracts and branch and should enforce and contact law to the fullest with regards to 2nd category. It is the duty of the state to protect life against external aggression and internal.
SOCIALISTIC THEORY:
The term socialism first appeared in 1826 when it was used to in the Journal of British co-operative society Ramsay mack Ro according to him socialist aim in the reorganisation of the internal economic forces of the society these are the human forces socialist is a democratic movement whose purpose is the security of an economy organisation of society which will give the maximum possible at any time of justice and liberty.
JAYAPRAKASH NARAYANAN:
Socialism is the society in which all the workers are of a classless society.
RUSSIAL:
Socialism is the advances of communal ownership and property.
The theory advocates that the state should have max functions. The assumption of theory is that man by nature is selfish and more after then not man is guided by passions and emotion.
Society is organic and hence the process and prosperity of society means the progress and prosperity of individuals. It is the duty of the state to provide each individual community for a happy and progress life. Hence, the function of the state should not be limited.
According to him, the state has assumed the duty of a doctor, Nurse, Insurance agents, house builder, town planner, railway controller and a hundred other functions.
Socialistic theory of the 18th and 19th century. The defeat of individualistic theory gave rise to socialistic theory.
The theory is regarded as a necessary institution instead of evil. The state is looked upon as a positive good. It is a positive rather than a negative institution.
Socialists do not limit the functions of the state; they argue that it is the duty of the state to bring about social justice and all round development. The state should abolish the inequality in wealth and ensure equitable distribution of wealth.
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