SALIENT FEATURES OF
THE CONSTITUTION
The salient features of the Constitution, as it stands today, are as follows:
Lengthiest Written Constitution The Indian Constitution is the lengthiest in the world. Originally, the Constitution had 395 Articles, 8 Schedules and 22 parts.
Blend of Rigidity and Flexibility The procedure of amendment of the Indian Constitution is partly flexible and partly rigid. Some provisions can only be amended by passage in both Union Parliament and half of the State Legislatures.
Parliamentary Government India has a parliamentary system of government both, at the centre and in the states. The President is the head of the Union of India and the governors are head of the states. But they act on the advice of the Council of Ministers. They have nominal powers.
Independent Judiciary There is a single, integrated and unified judiciary in India. The Supreme Court is the highest court of the land. Both the Supreme Court and high courts have been given extensive powers to interpret the Constitution and law under various provisions of the Constitution of India.
Federal System with Unitary Features Our Constitution contains federal features of government like division of powers, written Constitution, independent judiciary and bicameralism but also a large number of unitary features like a strong centre, single citizenship, flexibility of Constitution, integrated judiciary emergency provisions etc.
Secular State The Indian Constitution stands for a secular state i.e. all religions in our country have the same right and support from the state, it does not upload any particular religions as the official religion of the Indian state.
Universal Adult Franchise Every Indian citizen (above 18 years) has a right to vote in the elections without any discrimination of caste,sex, relation etc.
Emergency Provisions Indian Constitution has special provisions to meet any extraordinary situation or emergency. During an emergency the Central Government becomes powerful and the state comes under the total control of it. During an emergency our federal system becomes unitary without any amendment of the Constitution.
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